This cross-sectional study aimed to: 1) study the sexual relations and condom use of teenagers and young adults in preventing HIV infection, and 2) identify risk factors of HIV infection among teenagers at a popular night club in Bangkok. The study was conducted from January–May 2003. Data were collected by interview of 400 teenagers (13-23 years old), and focus group discussion involving 20 teenagers on problem-solving processes in dealing with sexual relation problems.
Result: Of the teenagers interviewed, 58.2% were male and 35.2% were studying in college. There were 12 males and and 8 females in the focus group discussion. The average age was 19 years. Sixty-four percent had had experience in sexual relations. The average age at time of first sexual relation with a partner was 16.3 years. The average age at first sexual relation with a prostitute was 17.3 years. Risk factors for sexual relations without condom use were drinking alcohol (OR=3.39, 95%CI=0.34–11.85), lack of a counselor in sexual relations (OR=2.68, 95% CI=1.32–5.41), amphetamine use (OR=2.18, 95% CI=0.36–13.10), having sexual relations with a prostitute (OR=2.03, 95% CI=0.34–11.85), and being male (OR=2.78, 95% CI=1.69-4.55). Teenagers understood that they could prevent HIV infection by using a condom. However, in teenagers who engaged in sexual relations, only 47% regularly used a condom; 30% used a condom occasionally and 23% had never used a condom. The general belief was that sexual relations with a partner were safer than with a prostitute, and most felt that there was no need to use a condom when they had sexual relations with their regular partners. The most common reasons given for using a condom were contraception and prevention of HIV infection. Fifty-five percent of teenagers said that they could find condoms at a convenience store.
Conclusion: This study indicates that one reason that teenagers do not use condoms is because they have never been given informationed on proper condom use. Making this information available and placing condoms in the clubs where they gather may be an appropriate way to slow the spread of HIV. In addition, training should be provided for both parents and schoolteachers on teen sexual problems and how to deal with them. Teenagers should be encouraged to talk with their parents or teachers when they have questions about sexual relationships.