Nowadays, the trend of diabetes in Thailand and in other countries worldwide is rapidly growing. There is thus a need to measure the glucose levels for the monitoring and evaluation of treatment or controlling blood glucose levels to within normal levels. Due to the limitations of commercially available glucose sensor, sometimes the results of blood glucose levels are different from the actual value because of the interference in blood sample. Consequently, it is necessary to develop an enzymatic and non-enzymatic glucose sensor for measuring glucose in combination with nanomaterials to improve the performance of the sensor with specificity, high sensitivity, fast response time, and stability. For enzymatic glucose sensor, nanomaterials will increase the surface area of the immobilized enzyme and enhance the ability of electron transfer from enzyme to electrode. For non-enzymatic glucose sensor, nanomaterials will increase the surface area and also catalyze the oxidation of glucose directly instead of utilizing enzyme. This paper will summarize the application of nanomaterials in enzymatic and non-enzymatic glucose sensor for monitoring glucose, and propose the research that are interesting and should be further developed in this area.