Spontaneous retroperitoneal hematoma (SRH) is a rare condition. A delayed diagnosis can result in death. A case of renal infarction, which is an uncommon cause of SRH, is discussed.

Case report: A 42 year-old Thai female with a history of long standing oral contraceptive pill use was admitted with gross hematuria. A computed tomography scan of the kidneys, ureters, and bladder (KUB) system revealed a retroperitoneal hematoma, so nephrectomy was performed and pathological report revealed renal infarction.

Conclusions: We report a case of renal infarction with history of oral contraceptive pill use presenting with retroperitoneal hematoma.